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--- englisch:past-perfect-examples [20.12.2016 (16:57)] – [Past state [Zustand] before a past events] retemirabile
+++ englisch:past-perfect-examples [06.08.2020 (11:28)] (aktuell) – Externe Bearbeitung 127.0.0.1
@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-====== Past perfect examples ======
+====== Past perfect ======
+===== Simple form =====
-===== Event in the past perfect before another past event =====
+==== Event in the past perfect before another past event ====
 The past perfect shows that an event in the past happened **before** another event in the past.
-<WRAP box 100%>
+<WRAP box 70%>
 (1) Lisa **couldn’t** pay. She **had forgotten** her purse.
@@ Zeile 15: / Zeile 16: @@
 {{past-perfect-illustration-01.jpg?nolink}}
-▶ The past perfect is used to say that one past action followed another. The action in the past perfect happened earlier.
+<note tip>The past perfect is used to say that one past action followed another. The action in the past perfect happened earlier.</note>
-===== Past state [Zustand] before a past event=====
+==== Past state [Zustand] before a past event====
-<WRAP box 100%>
+<WRAP box 70%>
 (3) She **had known** him for years when he **told** her that he was gay.
@@ Zeile 27: / Zeile 28: @@
 {{past-perfect-illustration-02.jpg?nolink}}
-▶ We can also use the past perfect to speak about a state (Zustand) that began before a point of time in the past and lasted up to that point of time.
+<note tip>We can also use the past perfect to speak about a state (Zustand) that began before a point of time in the past and lasted up to that point of time.</note>
-===== Comparison: past perfect ⟷ past tense =====
+==== Comparison: past perfect ⟷ past tense ====
-==== Past perfect ====
+=== Past perfect ===
-<WRAP box 100%>
+<WRAP box 70%>
 (5) When Roy’s girlfriend **arrived** he **had cooked** the dinner.
@@ Zeile 42: / Zeile 43: @@
 {{past-perfect-illustration-03.jpg?nolink}}
-▶ The dinner is ready when she arrives.
+The dinner is ready when she arrives.
-An event in the past perfect happened earlier than the events in the past tense.
+<note tip>An event in the past perfect happened earlier than the event in the past tense.</note>
-==== Past tense ====
+=== Past tense ===
-<WRAP box 100%>
+<WRAP box 70%>
 (6) When Roy’s girlfriend **arrived** he **cooked** the dinner.
 </WRAP>
@@ Zeile 55: / Zeile 56: @@
 {{past-perfect-illustration-04.jpg?nolink}}
-▶ He starts cooking the dinner //after// she arrives.
+He starts cooking the dinner //after// she arrives.
+<note tip>Several (mehrere) events in the past tense are seen as a sequence of events (Abfolge von Ereignissen) in the past (and happened in the order in which they are named in the text). This is especially common in stories etc.</note>
+===== Progressive form =====
+The past perfect progressive is used much like the simple form but you use it if you want to stress [betonen] the duration [Dauer] of the event in the past perfect or if it’s important to say how long it had been going on when the other past event happened.
+<WRAP box 70%>
+(7) When Roy’s girlfriend **arrived** he **had been cooking** dinner **for three hours**.
+(8) Tom **had been dreaming** about doing a bungee jump **for years** when he finally **decided** to do it.
+</WRAP>
+<note tip>In sentence (7) the speaker [Sprecher] wants to stress [betonen] that Roy had been cooking //for three hours//. In sentence (8) it is stressed that Tom had been dreaming //for years//. That’s why the past perfect perfect progressive is used.    </note>
-Several (mehrere) events in the past tense are seen as a sequence of events (Abfolge von Ereignissen) in the past (and happened in the order in which they are named in the text). This is especially common in stories etc.
 {{tag>english examples grammar}}