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--- englisch:relative-clauses [02.05.2017 (12:59)] – [Introduction] retemirabile
+++ englisch:relative-clauses [14.11.2020 (20:13)] (aktuell) – [Contact clauses in contrast to regular [normal] relative clauses] retemirabile
@@ Zeile 16: / Zeile 16: @@
 </note>
-<hidden Lösung anzeigen>
+<hidden onHidden="Show answer" onVisible="Hide answer" -noprint>
 In the two **a-sentences** the information in the relative clauses is necessary for a complete understanding of the sentences.
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   * b: non-defining relative clauses
 </hidden>
 ===== Defining and non-defining relative clauses =====
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 </WRAP>
+==== Practice ====
+<note>Here are some more sentences. Try to figure out which ones contain defining and which ones are non-defining relative clauses.</note>
+  - John Muir was one of the people who fought against the dam project.
+  - John Muir, who was born in Scotland, fought to make Yosemite a national park.
+  - One out of 25 people who live in the USA are there illegally.
+  - Mexicans, who usually do unskilled work, make up a large part of the illegal immigrants.
+  - Some people want to get tough on illegal immigrants, who they think should be arrested.
+  - Most immigrants who want to cross the border manage to do it.
+<hidden onHidden="Show answer" onVisible="Hide answer" -noprint>
+  - “who fought against the dam project”: **defining** relative clause
+  - “who was born in Scotland”: **non-defining** relative clause
+  - “who live in the USA”: **defining** relative clause
+  - “who usually do unskilled work”: **non-defining** relative clause
+  - “who they think should be arrested”: **non-defining** relative clause
+  - “who want to cross the border”: **defining** relative clause
+</hidden>
+===== Contact clauses =====
+There’s a special type of relative clause that is used very often especially in spoken English. Compare the following sentences:
+  - Example
+    - This is the city (that) **I** love.
+    - This is the city that is 500 years old
+  - Example
+    - The new power station (which) **I**’m working at is in the mountains.
+    - This is the new power station which works with water.
+  - Example
+    - The music (that) **they** had was great, too.
+    - The music that went on for hours.
+<WRAP box 100%>
+In the a-example sentences, the relative clause has its own **subject**. In this case, the relative pronoun (who, which, that) can be omitted [weglassen].
+</WRAP>
+So the a-examples could also read:
+  - This is the city I love.
+  - The new power station I’m working at is in the mountains.
+  - The music they had was great, too.
+Here are some more examples
+  - This is a picture of the place (which) I now call home.
+  - I look forward to the long holidays (that) we also get.
+  - It’s the type of big job (that) I like.
+  - It’s lovely here with … friendly people (who) I’ve really learned to love.
+<WRAP tip 70%>
+This type of defining relative clause is called a **contact clause**.
+</WRAP>
+=== Contact clauses in contrast to regular [normal] relative clauses ===
+| | |object((of the relative clause))|**subject**((of the relative clause))| |
+^**contact clause**^The castle^(which)^you^can visit^is on the hill^
+|normal relative clause|The castle| |which|stands|on the hill is nice. |
+^**contact clause**^The city^(that)^I^love^is Edinburgh. ^
+|normal relative clause|The city| |that|is|500 years old has many houses.|
+^**contact clause**^The power station^(which)^I^am working on^ will be finished soon.^
+|normal relative clause|The power station| |which|works|with water is very new.|
+<WRAP tip 70%>
+=== Rule for the use of the contact clause ===
+If the **relative clause has its own subject**, we can leave out the relative pronoun (who, which, that).
+----
+You can also say this in a different way:
+When the **relative pronoun is the object of the relative clause**, you can leave it out.)
+</WRAP>
 ===== Videos =====