englisch:participles-relative-clauses
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englisch:participles-relative-clauses [14.05.2017 (07:57)] – angelegt retemirabile | englisch:participles-relative-clauses [06.08.2020 (11:28)] (aktuell) – Externe Bearbeitung 127.0.0.1 | ||
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- | ====== Participle constructions instead of relative clauses ====== | + | ====== Participle constructions instead of relative clauses |
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+ | ===== What are participles and how can they be used? ===== | ||
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+ | <WRAP box 80%> | ||
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+ | There are two different participle forms in English. Here’s how they are formed: | ||
- | <WRAP info 80%> | ||
- | There are two different participle forms in English and they are used in various [verschieden] constructinos | ||
- the **present participle**: | - the **present participle**: | ||
- the **past participle**: | - the **past participle**: | ||
+ | ==== How are they used? ==== | ||
- | Both participles are part of various other grammar constructions, | + | |
- | - the present participle | + | Both participles are part of various |
+ | - the **present participle** | ||
- is part of the progressive form (I am **walking**) | - is part of the progressive form (I am **walking**) | ||
- can be used to make an (active) adjective from a verb (the **winning** team) | - can be used to make an (active) adjective from a verb (the **winning** team) | ||
- can be used as a gerund (**Walking** is good for you) | - can be used as a gerund (**Walking** is good for you) | ||
- | - the past participle | + | - the **past participle** |
- is part of the perfect verb forms – present perfect and past perfect (I have **walked**, I had **walked**) | - is part of the perfect verb forms – present perfect and past perfect (I have **walked**, I had **walked**) | ||
- can be used to make a (passive) adjective from a verb (the **defeated** team) | - can be used to make a (passive) adjective from a verb (the **defeated** team) | ||
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</ | </ | ||
On this page, you can learn another common [verbreitet] use of participles: | On this page, you can learn another common [verbreitet] use of participles: | ||
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+ | ===== Participles to replace relative clauses ===== | ||
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+ | Speakers of English often use participle constructions instead of relative clauses. Compare the following constructions. Both of them have the same meaning. | ||
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+ | |<100% 5% 46% >| | ||
+ | ^#^relative clause construction^participle construction^ | ||
+ | ^1|One morning I saw a man **who walked** along the river. |One morning I saw a man **walking** along the river. | | ||
+ | ^2|The person **who was walking** next to me looked really tired.|The pupil **walking** next to me looked really tired.| | ||
+ | ^3|We visited the city **which was mentioned** in our travel guide. |We visited the city **mentioned** in our travel guide. | | ||
<WRAP tip 80%> | <WRAP tip 80%> | ||
- | In general | + | |
+ | * As you can see, the participle construction on the right replaces | ||
+ | * The **present participle** has an **active** meaning | ||
+ | |||
+ | * The **present participle** can replace a simple form or a progressive form (see examples 1 + 2). | ||
+ | * In German, you usually translate a participle construction with a relative clause because the German language doesn’t have such a construction. | ||
</ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Practice ===== | ||
- | ===== Participles to replace relative clauses ===== | + | * [[https:// |
+ | {{tag> |
englisch/participles-relative-clauses.1494741443.txt.gz · Zuletzt geändert: 06.08.2020 (10:37) (Externe Bearbeitung)