Auf dieser Seite lernst du das Simple Past. Das ist die Zeitform, mit der du über Dinge sprichst, die in der Vergangenheit passiert und abgeschlossen sind – zum Beispiel was du gestern gemacht hast oder was letzten Sommer passiert ist.
Die Übungen zu diesem Thema sind hier: Simple Past practice
Du benutzt das Simple Past, wenn du über etwas sprichst, das in der Vergangenheit passiert ist und jetzt vorbei ist. Oft gibt es ein Signalwort, das dir zeigt, dass du das Simple Past brauchst.
Signalwörter für das Simple Past:
yesterday, last week/month/year, … ago, in 2019, when I was young, then, first, after that
(1) Lily visited her grandparents last weekend.
(2) Ryan played football yesterday.
(3) Karam moved to London two years ago.
Bei regelmäßigen Verben hängst du einfach -ed an den Infinitiv.
| Infinitiv | Simple Past | Deutsch |
|---|---|---|
| play | played | spielen |
| visit | visited | besuchen |
| listen | listened | zuhören |
| open | opened | öffnen |
Regel: Infinitiv + -ed
play → played, visit → visited, listen → listened
Es gibt ein paar Sonderfälle bei der Schreibung:
| Regel | Beispiel |
|---|---|
| Verb endet auf -e → nur -d anhängen | love → loved, dance → danced |
| Verb endet auf Konsonant + y → y wird zu i + ed | study → studied, carry → carried |
| Verb endet auf Vokal + y → normal -ed | play → played, enjoy → enjoyed |
| Kurzer Vokal + Konsonant → Konsonant verdoppeln + -ed | stop → stopped, travel → travelled |
(4) Emma danced at the school party.
(5) Ruby studied for her maths test.
(6) Tom stopped the ball.
Unregelmäßige Verben bilden das Simple Past nicht mit -ed. Du musst diese Formen auswendig lernen. Hier sind einige wichtige:
| Infinitiv | Simple Past | Deutsch |
|---|---|---|
| be | was / were | sein |
| go | went | gehen |
| have | had | haben |
| see | saw | sehen |
| come | came | kommen |
| make | made | machen |
| get | got | bekommen |
| say | said | sagen |
| take | took | nehmen |
| give | gave | geben |
| eat | ate | essen |
| drink | drank | trinken |
| write | wrote | schreiben |
| read | read | lesen |
| think | thought | denken |
| buy | bought | kaufen |
| find | found | finden |
| run | ran | rennen |
| swim | swam | schwimmen |
| know | knew | wissen |
(7) Sam went to the cinema yesterday.
(8) Maya ate pizza for dinner.
(9) Lily wrote an email to her friend.
(10) Ryan saw a great film last night.
I went, you went, he went, we went, they went
Die einzige Ausnahme ist to be: was (I/he/she/it) und were (you/we/they).
Für die Verneinung brauchst du didn't (= did not) + Infinitiv (Grundform!).
Regel: Subjekt + didn't + Infinitiv
Das Verb steht nach didn't wieder in der Grundform – NICHT in der Past-Form!
(11) Karam didn't play tennis yesterday.
(12) Ruby didn't go to the party.
(13) Tom and Sam didn't watch the film.
She didn't went to school. → She didn't go to school.
They didn't played football. → They didn't play football.
Nach didn't steht immer der Infinitiv!
Bei to be brauchst du kein didn't. Hier sagst du einfach wasn't oder weren't.
(14) Emma wasn't at school yesterday.
(15) Ryan and Lily weren't happy about the test.
Für Fragen brauchst du Did + Subjekt + Infinitiv.
Regel: Did + Subjekt + Infinitiv + …?
Auch hier steht das Verb nach Did in der Grundform!
(16) Did Maya visit London last summer?
(17) Did you see the new film?
(18) Did Sam and Tom play basketball?
Kurzantworten:
| Frage | Ja | Nein |
|---|---|---|
| Did you go? | Yes, I did. | No, I didn't. |
| Did she play? | Yes, she did. | No, she didn't. |
Did she went to London? → Did she go to London?
Nach Did kommt immer der Infinitiv!
Bei to be brauchst du kein Did. Hier stellst du was oder were einfach nach vorne.
(19) Was Karam at the party? – Yes, he was. / No, he wasn't.
(20) Were they happy? – Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.
(21) Where did Ruby go last weekend?
(22) What did you eat for lunch?
(23) When did the film start?
(24) Why did Tom leave early?
Die wichtigsten Regeln zum Simple Past: