======Positions of adverbs======


There are **3 positions** for adverbs in a sentence:
  * front position (at the beginning of a sentence)
  * end position (at the end of a sentence)
  * mid-position (in the middle of a sentence).

===== front position =====
^ ^ adverb ^ subject ^ (auxiliary 1) ^ (auxiliary 2) ^ main verb ^ (object) ^
| 1. | **Suddenly**, | the man |   |   | saw | the house. |
| 2. | **Surpri­singly**, | our bird | could |   | speak | (French.) |
| 3. | **Finally**, | the speaker |   |   | ended | his presen­tation. |

<note tip>Usually in front position: sentence adverbs (examples 1 and 2) and linking adverbs (example 3)</note>

<note important>Many other types of adverbs can go in front position if they are emphasized!</note>

===== end position =====
^ ^ subject ^ (auxiliary 1) ^ (auxiliary 2) ^ main verb ^ (object) ^ adverb ^
| 1. | I |   |   | shouted | (at her) | **angrily**. |
| 2. | My sister |   |   | is sleeping |   | **in the garden** |
| 3. | Mary | will | be | sleeping |   | **at ten o’clock** |
| 4. | She | has |   | called | him | **twice**. |

<note tip>Usually in end position: adverbs of manner (example 1), place (example 2), definite time (example 3) and definite frequency (example 4).</note>

<note important>Many other types of adverbs can go in end position if they are emphasized!</note>

==== More than one adverb in end position ====
For more than one adverb in end position the rule is:
  * manner → place → time \\ and
  * more specific → more general.

^   ^ ^ manner ^ place ^ time ^
| 1. | Jason is flying |   | **to New York** | **at 8 o’clock on Saturday.** |
| 2. | Gina behaved | **strangely** | **at the party** | **last night.** |

===== mid-position =====

For adverbs in mid position, there are **three basic rules**:

==== (A) The adverb goes between subject and verb. ====
^ ^ subject ^ ^ adverb ^ ^ main verb ^ object ^
|1. | We | | **often** | | go | to the disco. |
|2. | The sun | | **always** | | rises | in the east. |

==== (B) If the verb is a form of »to be«, the adverb comes after the form of »to be«. ====
^ ^ subject ^ main verb ^ adverb ^  ^  ^ object ^
|1. | Mary | **is** | **often** |  |  | at home. |
|2. | Chris | **is** | **sometimes** |  |  | nervous before tests. |

==== (C) If there is one auxiliary or more, the adverb comes after the first auxiliary. ====
^ ^ subject ^ auxiliary 1 ^ adverb ^ (auxiliary 2) ^ main verb ^ object ^
|1. | Mary | **has** | **just** | been | called | to the doctor. |
|2. | People | **will** | **always** | | eat | chocolate. |
|3. | Our parents | **are** | **soon** | going to | leave | the house. |

<note tip>Usually in mid-position: short adverbs of indefinite time (examples C.1 and C.3), adverbs of indefinite frequency (all other examples).</note>

===== More information =====

<note tip>
  * **[[http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/grammar_list/adjektiv_adverb.htm|Adjektive/Adverbien]]**
  * **[[http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/grammar/adverbien.htm|Die Adverbien im Englischen – Übersicht]]**


  * **[[http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adverb-position.htm|Adverb Position]]**

  * **[[http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/word-order/adverb-position|Position of Adverbs]]** (this page explains the position of adverbs based on their type: 
    * Adverbs of **manner** (Adverbien der Art und Weise) – they give you information about **»HOW«** something happened. 
      * they don’t mention: Adverbs of **degree** (Gradadverbien) – **»HOW MUCH«** – They are sometimes  put with the adverbs of manner as one subgroup (Teilgruppe) of those. You can learn more about different types of adverbs here: [[http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adverbs-kinds.htm|Kinds of Adverbs]]
    * Adverbs of **place** (Adverbien des Orts) – **»WHERE«**
    * Adverbs of **time** (Adverbien der Zeit) – **»WHEN«**
    * Adverbs of **frequency** (Adverbien der Häufigkeit) – **»HOW OFTEN«**
</note>

  * [[http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/grammar/adverbs_position.htm|Position of adverbs]] with some explanation and an exercise
  * [[http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/word-order/exercises?12|Exercises on English Word Order – adverbs mix]]
  * [[http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/adjectives-adverbs|Overview of adjectives and adverbs]]


===== Video =====


{{youtube>V9OWrWr4fmA?640x360}}


{{tag>english grammar examples}}